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      日本权力世家--藤原氏
      无锡日语培训之无锡芥川新日语培训学校日本文化--藤原氏

      (无锡芥川新日语培训学校—无锡日语培训领军品牌)

       

          藤原氏,略称藤氏。是日本历史上权力堪比皇族一系的名门望族,藤原家世代将女儿嫁给天皇垄断朝政数百年。早在飞鸟时代已经存在。在平安时代以前,藤原氏的族人均以本姓藤原称呼;而镰仓时代以后除公文书外,多以家名.苗字(如近卫、九条)称呼。(无锡日语)

         天智朝八年(669年),中臣镰足死,天智天直以其参与大化改革之功,赐姓藤原朝臣,是本姓之始。其后文武天皇诏,只准其子不比等姓藤原。壬申之乱后,不比等参加撰修律令,营造平城京,创下政治基础。藤原不比等之女宫子、光明子先后入宫,是藤原氏与皇室连姻的发轫。不比等有四子:武智麻吕(南家)、房前(北家)、宇合(式家)、麻吕(京家),是 律令制下政治势力强大的四家。其后三家在争权中失势,只北家独荣不衰。(无锡日语培训)

          平安时代,藤原北家借由与皇室的姻亲关系、以及自身政经实力,以摄政或关白之名义长期左右朝政。称为摄关政治,是北家的全盛时期,并确立摄政关白由北家嫡流出任的传统。(无锡新区日语)

          北家嫡流(后被称为摄关家)在平安时代末期分为近卫、松殺、九条三家,其后松殺家衰微,在镰仓时代由近卫家分出鹰司家,由九条家分出二条家和一条家,近卫家、魔司、九条、二条、一条被称为五摄家。交替出任摄关职,直至江户末期,但摄关职己与政权无关系。除五摄家外,藤原氏仍有为很多支流,如:三条家、西园寺家、花山院家、四条家、勸修寺家、曰野家、中御门家等。(无锡日语学习)

      明治維新后,五摄家列为华族之首获公爵称号。藤原氏一族在政坛上活跃近一千年。不过在明治时代,因为天皇下令所有人民都要有一个姓氏,有部份地区人改姓藤原,但这些人物与历史上真正的籐原氏无关,因此现在藤原氏颇为普遍。(无锡日语学校)

       



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