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0086 1866 1199 988
0086 510-81151808
Sandy.Swun
519988808
Mandarin Education School
Room 405, 4 Fl,Building No.8,
Maoye Business Center,
Chang jiang No.1,
New district , Wuxi City , China
日本幕府时代的产物--忍者
无锡日语培训之无锡芥川新日语培训学校日本文化--忍者
（无锡芥川新日语培训——无锡日语第一实力派培训品牌）
忍者及他们身怀的绝技--忍术，是17世纪左右日本幕府时代的产物，在德川幕府时发展到顶峰：幕府统治日本近七百年，是天皇政府以外的统治机构，其首脑为“征夷大将军”，是封建军事贵族--武士专政。历史上先后有镰仓、室町和德川三个幕府。德川幕府是日本第三个封建军事政权。德川氏以江户为政治根据地，开幕府以统制天下，故亦称江户幕府。1603年至 1867年，德川幕府共经十五代将军。
（无锡芥川新日语培训学校—无锡日语培训领军品牌）
德川幕府的统治形式是幕藩体制。将军之下，设大老（不常设）、老中（常设）掌握全国政务，设若年寄协助老中，设大目付、目付负责监视大名和幕府的直属武士旗本和御家人。设寺社、勘定、江户町三奉行，分别管理寺社、幕府財政和江户市政。在大阪、长崎等主要城市设远国奉行来支配地方的直辖领地。在京都设立所司代以监视皇室和寺社，以及近畿诸大名。（无锡日语培训 芥川新日语培训中心 让您轻松学会日语）
在幕府赐封的260-270多个诸侯国内，藩主们拥有行政、司法和征收年贡的权力。武士们则以为各自的藩主服兵役为己任。 这样，以身分制为核心，以幕府为政权的中枢，上对天皇、公卿，下至各藩大名、一般武士、僧侣、农民、手工业者、商人，形成了一套完整的幕藩体制。德川将军采取诸多措施加强了中央集权。（无锡日语学习哪里好首选无锡芥川新日语培训学校）
幕府的统治在初期是有效的，给日本带来了长达200多年的繁荣发展。但随商品经济的发展， 德川幕府自18世纪中期起逐渐陷入危机之中。财政日益困窘，农民和市民的起义此起彼伏虽 进行了享保改革、宽政改革和天保改革，但也收效甚微。资本主义列强舰船大炮强迫日本开关所造成的民族危机，终于导致了全国规模的倒幕运动。1867年11月，德川庆喜被迫向天皇“大政奉还”c至次年鸟羽、伏见之役，幕府军终于被击溃，德川幕府彻底垮台（无锡日语学习分享）
