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日本俳句-无锡芥川新日语孙意君校长分享
无锡日语培训之无锡芥川新日语培训学校日本文化—日本俳句
在教外国人日语时,喜欢文学的人必定会问:“我也想尝试写写俳句,要注意哪些方面呢?”这时我便会说:“俳句有两个主要的规则。一是一首俳句中必须要有季语;其二,句中音节数为17音,并且要由5音节,7音节,5音节三段构成。”
我这样说明之后,他们常常会提出一些日本人始料不及的问题。例如:“寒风为什么就是冬季呢?”。的确,那些来自像泰国和印度尼西亚那样,全年都是夏季的国家的学生,恐怕很难理解日本人的季节感,特别是表示冬季的季语。即使是只有17个音节的短诗,我们只要听到其中的“寒风”两个字,就会联想到手脚冰凉的寒气。仅此一个词便可令你浮想联翩:耳边呼啸的北风;上冻的道路;家中吃的热火锅;刚织了一半的围巾。。。。。为了使文化背景不同的学生理解这些,我便说:“等到今年冬天,你就明白了。”
另一个问题是音节的计算方法。
“老师,football可以算两个音节吗?”
“不,フツトボ—ル是六个音节。”学生诧异地“啊”了一声。本来不易计算的促音、长音就很多,用外来语作俳句不就愈发难上加难了吗?!尽管如此,那位学生还是作了一首非常有趣的俳句。
足球飞射,不期落樱染屐。
当他让我看这首俳句时,我的脑海中立即浮现出随风飘落在他脚下的粉红色樱花瓣儿和他注视着此情此景时的神态。我真为之感动。因为我想起了他曾今盼望樱花时节到来时的情景。在这里,他并没有描述自己的喜悦之情,但通过这首俳句,却可以体察到他的心境。也许,这就是俳句的精华之所在吧。
不管怎么说,俳句的好处就在于我们都可以成为作者。这与小说等其他文学是不一样的。
(欣赏)
油菜花金黄。东方已是明月挂,西天犹夕阳。
芜村(1716—1783)画家,俳句诗人
这首俳句的季语是油菜花。夕阳西下,月亮从东方升起,一片金灿灿的油菜田;春日里温暖的黄昏。真是风景如画啊!
请你也来作一首俳句如何?!